Sickle cell mutation is a genetic disorder that affects the shape and functionality of red blood cells in the body. Instead of being round and flexible, the mutated red blood cells are shaped like a sickle – a C-shaped farming tool. This abnormal shape prevents the cells from moving smoothly through the bloodstream, causing a myriad of health problems. People with this condition often experience episodes of severe pain, frequent infections, and growth delays. These symptoms occur because the sickle cells obstruct blood flow to the organs and tissues, depriving them of oxygen. Sickle cell mutation is hereditary, primarily affecting people of African descent, but it is also found in other ethnic groups, including those of Middle Eastern, Indian, and Mediterranean heritage. It is not contagious, meaning you can't catch it like you would a cold or flu. Research is ongoing to find more effective treatments and, hopefully, a cure for sickle cell mutation. Early diagnosis is vital, so newborn screening tests for this condition are common in many countries. Despite its challenges, many people with the disorder lead fulfilling lives, demonstrating resilience and strength in the face of adversity.