The Middle Ages, often termed the Medieval Period, spanned roughly from the 5th to the 15th century. This era began with the fall of the Roman Empire and transitioned into the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery. The feudal system was a fascinating aspect of the Middle Ages, with a strict hierarchical order of king, nobles, knights, and peasants. The Church played a pivotal role, exercising significant influence over the society. Knights in shining armor, defending castles and practicing chivalry, were iconic figures of this period. However, the Middle Ages were not just battles and nobility; it was a time of significant development and change. The Black Death, a devastating pandemic, swept across Europe during the 14th century, drastically affecting the population and society. Despite the hardships, the period also saw a cultural and intellectual renaissance. The invention of the printing press revolutionized the dissemination of knowledge while scientific discoveries challenged existing perceptions. As the Middle Ages ended, it paved the way for the onset of the modern era.