In the medieval times, medicine was more a game of chance than science. Bloodletting using leeches, drinking potions made from herbs and animal parts, and performing surgeries without anesthesia were some common practices. These treatments were based on the ancient Greek theory of the 'Four Humors.' According to this theory, the human body had four main fluids: blood, phlegm, black bile, and yellow bile. Illness was thought to be a result of an imbalance in these humors. Different types of healers existed in medieval society. Physicians often had formal education and followed the theories of Galen and Hippocrates. Barber-surgeons, who primarily cut hair and shaved beards, were also responsible for tooth extractions and minor surgeries. Apothecaries, similar to today's pharmacists, prepared and sold medicinal potions. Over time, the understanding of diseases improved, leading to more effective treatments. Thus, while medieval medicine may seem strange and scary today, it was a crucial step towards the modern medical advancements we enjoy today.